What Is Dermabrasion?
Dermabrasion is a procedure that uses a device that rotates quickly to sand off the top layers of your skin. This helps remove damaged skin and reveals smoother, younger-looking skin underneath. Dermabrasion is used to treat many skin conditions, including:
- Deep acne scars
- Scars from surgery or injury
- Fine lines and wrinkles
- Sun damage
- Age spots
- Rhinophyma, which is redness and swelling on your nose
- Areas of potential precancerous skin
Dermabrasion can also be used to remove tattoos.
What Is Microdermabrasion?
Microdermabrasion is a gentler procedure than dermabrasion. It is used for many of the same things, but it can't go as deep as dermabrasion. It's often used to treat:
- Age spots
- Fine lines and wrinkles
- Mild acne scars
- Enlarged pores and blackheads
- Uneven skin tone
- Sun damage
- Stretch marks
When Are Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion Used?
Dermabrasion is generally only safe for people with fair skin. For people with darker skin, dermabrasion can result in scarring or discoloration.
Microdermabrasion works on all skin types and colors. It makes subtle changes, usually causing no skin color change or scarring. It is not effective for deeper problems such as scars, stretch marks, wrinkles, or deep acne scars.
With microdermabrasion, there is less downtime than with dermabrasion. Skin is temporarily pink but fully recovers within 24 hours. That may help people who cannot take off time for healing.
Before You Get Dermabrasion or Microdermabrasion
An initial consultation is an important step before you get dermabrasion or microdermabrasion. Dermabrasion can be performed by a trained dermatologist or plastic surgeon. Microdermabrasion may be performed by a dermatologist, plastic surgeon, or aesthetician.
In both consultations, you'll discuss:
- How the procedure is performed
- Your goals and expectations
- Benefits and risks
- How to prepare for your procedure
Your provider will likely also take before and after photos to compare your results.
Since dermabrasion is a more invasive procedure, your provider may ask about:
- Any medical conditions you have
- Prior surgical procedures
- Medications and supplements you take
- Drug allergies
- Whether you smoke, drink alcohol, or use drugs
Dermabrasion often requires topical or local anesthesia, so you'll also discuss the type that will be used.
How Does Dermabrasion Work?
Dermabrasion is done in the doctor's office as an outpatient procedure, meaning you'll go home the same day. Your skin will be thoroughly cleansed, and you'll get some type of numbing medicine to make you comfortable. Depending on your needs, you might get:
- Numbing spray
- Anesthetic gel applied to your skin
- Anesthetic injected into your skin
Sometimes, you may have general anesthesia, which makes you sleep during the procedure. Or, you might be given a sedative to make you sleepy.
Once the medication starts to work, your procedure will begin. The doctor will use a high-speed instrument with an abrasive, diamond-coated wheel or wire brush to remove the outer layers of your skin. Afterward, your provider will cover your skin with a moist bandage to protect your skin while it heals.
The length of your treatment depends on the size of the area being treated. It could range from just a few minutes to 90 minutes or more.
How Does Microdermabrasion Work?
There are two methods used in microdermabrasion:
Crystal microdermabrasion. Tiny crystals are sprayed onto your skin to gently remove the outer layer. These crystals help remove dead skin cells. It's similar to sandblasting, but much more gentle.
Diamond microdermabrasion. This is similar to dermabrasion, but not as aggressive. A diamond-tipped wand is used to sand the top layer of your skin. It's similar to an electric sander but with a much softer touch.
Your treatment will likely take 30 to 40 minutes. Microdermabrasion requires several treatments to achieve the desired results.
What Happens After Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion?
After dermabrasion, your skin will feel as though it has been very sunburned for a few days. Your doctor can prescribe or suggest medications to ease any discomfort you may feel. You'll need to go back to your doctor to have your bandage changed during the healing period. Healing usually happens within 10-14 days.
Your new skin, which is pink at first, gradually develops a normal color within three months. You can use makeup as soon as the skin is healed.
Most people can resume their normal activities 7-14 days after dermabrasion. You should avoid sunlight for a few weeks after the pink color has gone away. When outdoors, use a broad-spectrumsunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more, and wear a wide-brimmed hat.
After microdermabrasion, your skin will be pink and feel dry and tight (such as sunburn or windburn) for about 24 hours. Use a moisturizerand broad-spectrum sunscreen. Some types of makeup should not be applied for at least 24 hours after the procedure.
Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion Cost
Costs vary greatly depending on your provider, the specific treatment, and your geographical location.
According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the average cost of dermabrasion in the U.S. is $1,829. This only includes the treatment itself. If you have to have general anesthesia or hospital expenses, those cost extra.
Microdermabrasion treatments are less expensive, but because you need to have a series of them, your entire treatment could cost around the same amount as a single dermabrasion procedure.
Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion Side Effects and Complications
Side effects are common with dermabrasion and microdermabrasion.
Dermabrasion side effects include:
- Redness
- Swelling
- Tight skin that may be itchy
- Stinging or burning
- Increased sensitivity to the sun
- Temporary darkening of the skin
- Enlarged pores (temporary)
- Acne flare-ups
Microdermabrasion side effects include:
- Bruising for a few days after treatment
- Tight skin
- Discolored skin (usually temporary)
- Increased sensitivity to the sun
- Dry, flaky skin
- Acne flare-ups
Risks and complications
Microdermabrasion is a generally safe procedure with little chance of complications.
Dermabrasion is a more aggressive procedure, so there's a greater risk of complications, such as:
- Permanent skin discoloration
- Scarring
- Infection
You can minimize these risks by making sure you choose a qualified professional with a good reputation.
Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion Aftercare
Aftercare is important for both procedures to ensure proper healing and maximize results. Your provider will give you detailed aftercare instructions which you should follow carefully.
Dermabrasion aftercare
Your skin will be raw and delicate following the procedure. It's important to avoid:
- Alcohol for 48 hours
- Aspirin and ibuprofen for one week
- Swimming in chlorinated pools for one month
- Strenuous activity for four to six weeks
- Smoking
- Direct sunlight
You should also:
- Change the dressing as instructed
- Take any medications your doctor prescribed as directed
- Attend follow-up visits as scheduled
Microdermabrasion aftercare
Microdermabrasion aftercare is less intense. You should:
- Use moisturizer
- Avoid sun exposure for a few days immediately after the procedure
- Apply sunscreen whenever you are outside
Takeaways
Microdermabrasion and dermabrasion are both cosmetic procedures used to remove layers of skin. Dermabrasion is a more aggressive procedure that removes more layers of skin. It requires more healing time, has more side effects, and carries a greater risk of complications than microdermabrasion. But it is more effective for treating deeper scars, wrinkles, and age spots. Ask a trained dermatologist which procedure is right for you.
Dermabrasion and Microdermabrasion FAQs
What are five disadvantages of microdermabrasion?
- Temporary bruising
- Dry, flaky skin
- Increased sensitivity to sunlight
- Discolored or darkened skin (usually temporary)
- The need for multiple treatments
How painful is dermabrasion?
The actual procedure shouldn't be painful, as you will be given medicine to numb and sedate you. After the procedure, you may have some discomfort while your skin heals.
Which is better to thoroughly cleanse the skin: dermabrasion or microdermabrasion?
Both procedures will cleanse the skin by removing dead skin cells. Dermabrasion removes more layers of skin, so it may be more effective for certain deeper skin problems such as scarring.
Is dermabrasion expensive?
Dermabrasion costs about $1,829 on average, but the price can vary based on the specific treatment, provider, and geographical location.
Who cannot use microdermabrasion?
Microdermabrasion is typically safe for all skin types, but you should consult a professional.
